A portion of amino acids 400-428 from the human protein was used as the immunogen for this SMAD4 antibody.
In muscle physiology, SMAD4 plays a central role in the balance between atrophy and hypertrophy. When recruited by MSTN, promotes atrophy response via phosphorylated SMAD2/4. MSTN decrease causes SMAD4 release and subsequent recruitment by the BMP pathway to promote hypertrophy via phosphorylated SMAD1/5/8. Acts synergistically with SMAD1 and YY1 in bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-mediated cardiac-specific gene expression. Binds to SMAD binding elements (SBEs) (5-GTCT/AGAC-3) within BMP response element (BMPRE) of cardiac activating regions (By similarity). [UniProt]
